Diagenesis and Soil-Sherd Interactions in Experimentally Produced Black Drink Residues
Presentation
Overview
Overview
Description
Absorbed and visible residue analysis allows detection of the contents of ancient pottery, providing a direct link between pottery form and function. Ilex vomitoria is a unique plant on which to focus this application of residue analysis. As the only native source of caffeine in Midwestern and southeastern North America, it held a unique ritual niche in Native American society; it is the primary ingredient in the Black Drink which was a significant ceremonial beverage across this region, The presence of caffeine and its breakdown products allows the definitive detection of ilex vomitoria in Midwestern and southeastern pottery residues. Because of the ritual importance of the Black Drink across many Midwestern and southeastern native cultures, it becomes possible to compare forms of ritual pottery vessels across cultures using the Black Drink. The cultivation and trade of this important plant in the southeast can also be addressed through residue analysis. This paper will discuss the roles of the Black Drink, its chemical biomarkers, and probable pottery forms used to contain and serve it.
