Building a Decision Support Tool Via Mobile Application for Integration of Dosing Guidelines and Education on Pharmacogenetic Testing
Presentation
Overview
Overview
Description
Significance and Background: Medications are associated with adverse reactions, but precision medicine provides a way to individualize drug therapy. One obstacle to implementation of precision medicine is the lack of knowledge surrounding clinical practice guidelines for pharmacogenetic testing. The use of smartphones and mobile apps, as a resource in the clinical setting, has exponentially increased since the introduction of physician order entry and other digital decision support tools. Decision support apps have improved provider performance and studies have shown broader adoption is crucial for the success of these tools. Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to discuss the development of a clinical decision support tool for pharmacogenetic testing via mobile app. An explanation of the process to develop and test this mobile application in the clinical setting will be discussed. Interventions: A three-phase design was utilized. The initial phase encompassed semi-structured interviews with 12 nurse practitioners on their current use of pharmacogenetic testing in practice and perceptions of the use of mobile apps as a resource in practice. This was followed by the development of a clinical decision support tool prototype that housed one pharmacogenetic dosage guideline related to the oncology field. The second phase included initial usability testing of the prototype with 15 Information Systems students. Finally, the third phase included a mixed methods study which included usability testing and focus group interviews with a sample of 25 oncology nurse practitioners and nurse practitioner students. The System Usability Scale was utilized to measure the usability of this prototype. Results: A relatively high usability score, 6.5 out of 10, indicated potential usefulness of the mobile application. Furthermore, the main themes generated revealed a great desire for implementation of this app in practice, desire for more educational resources to be built into the tool, and areas for improvements on the design. Discussion: This activity will facilitate application of precision medicine into practice as a tool for education and guidance based on clinical practice guidelines. Additionally, having a nurse conduct research in this field is an innovation in and of itself. Disclosure of ways to leverage the strengths and mitigate barriers seen with the development and delivery of this tool to the market will be highlighted. A different perspective, through the lens of nursing, will afford innovative approaches to translating the current research findings surrounding pharmacogenomics into medical and nursing practice.
