Pharmacogenomics: What is it and How is it Relevant to Nursing? Academic Article uri icon

Abstract

  • Background: Pharmacogenomics is the fastest growing field in precision medicine. Furthermore, based on current utilization, oncology controls the largest share of the precision medicine market. Due to the fact that the field of oncology shares the largest portion of the global market surrounding precision medicine, a logical step is to focus on the provision of knowledge for oncology nurses. Additionally, there are over 50 different oncology drugs that specifically include pharmacogenomic information within the prescription guidelines. Therefore, it is essential that oncology nurses and providers understand the role of precision medicine within oncology care. Objectives: The objectives of this paper are to define precision medicine and pharmacogenomics. Additionally, examples of pharmacogenomic tests and nursing implications are discussed. Discussion: The knowledge surrounding precision medicine and pharmacogenomics will position nurses to engage in current research, improve practice, and educate our clients. As the focus of healthcare remains on reducing cost and improving morbidity and mortality, the reduction in adverse drug reactions will continue to be highlighted. Tailoring medications based on individual responses will not only help improve patient outcomes, but potentially impact the cost of healthcare as these genetic tests become a standard of care.